Deviated Nasal Septum

A Deviated Nasal Septum is when the nasal septum is not centered between the two nostrils. The nasal septum is the wall separating the left and right nostrils from each other. Ideally, the nasal septum should be centered between the two nostrils. This allows equal airflow through each nostril. A deviated septum may cause no symptoms at all. In severe cases, however, airflow through one or both nostrils may be blocked. Nostril blockage may cause chronic stuffiness (nasal congestion) and a tendency to get sinus infections.

Causes

Causes include:
  • Present at birth; arose during fetal development (5% of cases)
  • Birth injury to the nose
  • A blow to the nose, often during an accident or while playing sports

Risk Factors

A risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease, condition or injury.
  • Contact sports, especially karate or football without appropriate protective headgear

Symptoms

Symptoms include:
  • Stuffy nose (one or both sides)
  • Sinus infections
  • Nosebleeds
  • Breathing noisily during sleep
  • Facial pain or headache
  • Post-nasal drip

Diagnosis

The doctor will ask about your symptoms and medical history, and perform a physical exam. The doctor will carefully examine the nasal passages using a nasal speculum to hold the nose open.

Treatment

Most people with a deviated septum don't require treatment. In severe cases, surgery may be recommended. Surgery on the septum alone is called septoplasty. Septoplasty relieves nasal blockage by centering the septum between the two nostrils. Sometimes surgery to reshape the nose (rhinoplasty) is performed at the same time. The two procedures together are called septorhinoplasty. Children who need surgery usually wait until they've stopped growing, around age 16.

Prevention

To help prevent a deviated septum:
  • Wear seat belts in automobiles and airplanes.
  • Wear appropriate protective headgear when playing sports.