Laryngectomy

A surgical procedure to remove the larynx (voice box). This is usually done to treat cancer. Depending on the extent of the cancer, a partial laryngectomy may be possible.

Parts of the Body Involved

Throat, neck

Reasons for Procedure

Laryngectomy is done to treat cancer of the larynx. This procedure may also be performed to treat gunshot wounds, severe fractures, or other trauma.

Risk Factors for Complications during the Procedure

  • Pre-existing medical condition
  • Advanced age
  • Obesity
  • Smoking
  • Poor nutrition

What to Expect

Prior to Procedure

Your doctor will likely do the following:
  • Physical exam
  • Laryngoscopy

Outcome

The throat tissue heals in about two to three weeks, and complete physical recovery occurs in about a month. You may, though, notice a reduction in your sense of taste and smell. You'll continue to use the stoma for breathing.

Speech rehabilitation will help you learn how to talk in one of several ways:
  • By swallowing air and expelling it (esophageal speech)
  • Through the use of an electronic device (artificial larynx)
  • By installing a valve in the stoma to allow air from the lung to reach the esophagus (tracheoesophageal speech)
Other options to restore speech are available and may be pursued with the doctor.

If you had a partial laryngectomy, your voice may sound weak or hoarse.

Most patients are able to return to their jobs and past activities, except for swimming. Many people find joining a support group beneficial.

Call Your Doctor If Any of the Following Occurs

  • Signs of infection, including fever and chills
  • Redness, swelling, increasing pain, excessive bleeding, or discharge from the incision site
  • Cough, shortness of breath, chest pain, or severe nausea or vomiting
  • Headache, muscle aches, or dizziness
  • New, unexplained symptoms