Shoulder Dislocation

A occurs when the head of the humerus (upper arm bone) pops out of the shallow shoulder socket of the scapula (shoulder blade). This can happen when a strong force pulls the shoulder outward or from an extreme rotation of the shoulder joint. There are two types of dislocation: Partial Dislocation – The head of the humerus slips out of the socket momentarily and then snaps back into place. (Also called subluxation.) Full Dislocation – The head of the humerus comes completely out of the socket.

Shoulder Dislocation can be caused by:

• Falling on an outstretched arm
• A direct blow to the shoulder area
• Forceful throwing, lifting, or hitting
• Force applied to an outstretched arm as in a football tackle

A risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease condition or injury.

• Previous shoulder dislocation or subluxation
• Participating in contact sports
• Ehlers-Danlos syndrome – a condition involving loose joints
• Poor muscle tone

Symptoms include:

• Pain, often severe
• Instability and weakness in the shoulder area
• Inability to move the shoulder
• Swelling
• Bruising
• Shoulder contour appears abnormal
• Numbness around the shoulder or in the arm or fingers

The doctor will ask about your symptoms and how the injury occurred, and examine the injured area. Diagnosis is based on the physical exam of your shoulder area. Tests may include: X-rays – to rule out a related fracture

Do not try to force the bones back into place. Seek medical care immediately. Delaying treatment increases the chance of permanent damage to the shoulder joint.
Treatment includes:
Closed Reduction – The doctor will move the head of the humerus back into the shoulder joint socket. You may be given pain medication before the procedure begins.
Immobilization – After the reduction, you will need to wear a sling or a device called a shoulder immobilizer to keep the shoulder from moving. The shoulder is generally immobilized for 3 weeks and full recovery takes several months.
Rest – It is important to rest your shoulder and not put any strain on the joint area.
Ice – Apply ice or a cold pack to your shoulder for 15-20 minutes, 4 times a day for several days. This helps reduce pain and swelling. Wrap the ice or cold pack in a towel. Do not apply the ice directly to your skin.
Rehabilitation Exercises – Begin exercises to restore strength and range of motion in your shoulder as recommended by your health care professional.
Surgery – Surgery is rarely needed for a first time dislocation. It may be needed for a shoulder that dislocates repeatedly.

To help prevent a Shoulder Dislocation:

• Do exercises to strengthen the muscles around your shoulder.
• Wear proper safety equipment and padding for protection in sports.